A period is the smallest gesture in typography. It is one dot of ink — eight thousandths of an inch in most settings, less in display. It carries no descender. It has no curve. It is the closest a letterform comes to nothing. And the work it does, in the place it does it, no other character can replicate.
A period closes. It says: the thought has been delivered, the sentence is complete, what follows is something else. Most punctuation is connective tissue. The period is the only mark that announces an ending. It is the only piece of typography that has nothing to do with what comes next. It is the brand's "and I mean it."
§ I Brands that close
A small number of brand marks have used the period deliberately, and the ones that have are almost all in the category of brands designed to be self-evident. Net-A-Porter. The Outnet. Booking. The period in each case does the same thing — it lifts the wordmark out of the sentence it would have lived inside otherwise. "Booking dot com" becomes "Booking." The verb becomes a name. The name becomes a destination.
It works because the period is doing more than punctuation. It is doing finality. Most brand marks ask the reader to keep going — to read the descriptor, the tagline, the call to action, the explanation. A period refuses that. You have arrived. The brand is the brand. There is nothing further to know in order to know what we are.
§ II Brands that trail off
Most brand marks are shaped like an ellipsis without the dots. The wordmark sits there, and the brand has clearly chosen not to close the sentence — because closing would commit. Closing would refuse the modular tagline. Closing would refuse the bilingual subtitle, the geographic descriptor, the verticalized lockup that swaps in "for healthcare" or "for retail" depending on the campaign.
Trailing off is a hedge. It is the company that has not yet decided whether the brand is one thing or several things, and so leaves its mark open at the right edge — visually, conceptually, structurally — to receive whichever extension the marketing department needs that quarter. The brand becomes a placeholder. Every campaign fills it back in.